ANALISIS RISIKO PENYAKIT MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDER (MSDS) DENGAN METODE NORDIC BODY MAP

Abstrak

Aktivitas kerja operator produksi di PT XYZ dilakukan secara manual dan berulang, sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan keluhan Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) apabila tidak ditunjang oleh penerapan ergonomi yang sesuai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi ergonomi kerja operator produksi melalui identifikasi keluhan tubuh, penilaian tingkat risiko postur kerja, serta evaluasi kesesuaian workstation berdasarkan data antropometri. Metode yang digunakan meliputi Nordic Body Map (NBM) untuk memetakan keluhan MSDs, metode REBA/RULA untuk menilai risiko postur kerja, serta analisis antropometri untuk menentukan rekomendasi dimensi workstation yang ergonomis. Data diperoleh melalui kuesioner keluhan MSDs, observasi aktivitas kerja, pengukuran postur, dan pengukuran dimensi tubuh operator. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa keluhan terbesar dirasakan pada punggung bawah, leher, bahu, dan pergelangan tangan. Nilai penilaian REBA/RULA berada pada kategori risiko sedang hingga tinggi, sehingga memerlukan tindakan perbaikan. Selain itu, hasil analisis antropometri menunjukkan bahwa tinggi meja kerja dan jarak jangkau belum sesuai dengan dimensi tubuh mayoritas operator. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, direkomendasikan perbaikan desain workstation, penyesuaian tinggi meja kerja, serta penyusunan prosedur kerja yang lebih ergonomis untuk menurunkan risiko MSDs dan meningkatkan kenyamanan serta produktivitas kerja operator.

The production activities at PT XYZ are carried out manually and repetitively, which may lead to Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) if not supported by appropriate ergonomic implementation. This study aims to analyze the ergonomic conditions of production operators by identifying body discomfort, assessing postural risk levels, and evaluating the suitability of the workstation based on anthropometric data. The methods used include the Nordic Body Map (NBM) to map MSDs complaints, the REBA/RULA methods to assess postural risk, and anthropometric analysis to determine ergonomic recommendations for workstation dimensions. Data were collected through MSDs questionnaires, work activity observations, posture measurements, and operator body dimension measurements. The results show that the highest complaints were experienced in the lower back, neck, shoulders, and wrists. The REBA/RULA scores indicated medium to high risk levels, requiring corrective action. Furthermore, the anthropometric analysis showed that the work table height and reach distance were not yet compatible with the body dimensions of most operators. Based on these findings, improvements are recommended in workstation design, work table height adjustment, and the development of ergonomically oriented work procedures to reduce MSD risks and improve operator comfort and productivity.