STRATEGI MANAJEMEN ENERGI DAN EFISIENSI BIAYA OPERASIONAL TERPADU PADA INDUSTRI PERHOTELAN

Abstrak

Penelitian ini merumuskan strategi manajemen energi dan efisiensi biaya operasional terpadu pada bangunan hotel dengan mengintegrasikan data audit utilitas kuantitatif, wawancara kualitatif mendalam bersama tim Engineering Hotel X Jakarta, sintesis 10 literatur jurnal nasional, serta kerangka regulasi nasional. Hasil evaluasi di Hotel X menunjukkan total biaya utilitas (listrik PLN dan air PDAM) periode 1–17 Juli 2026 sebesar Rp41.847.320, dengan proyeksi bulanan mencapai Rp76.251.000 (Harga Pokok Utilitas Kamar Rp174.413/malam). Inefisiensi utama dipicu oleh penggunaan exhaust fan dapur berdaya besar (7,5 HP), set suhu AC lobby ekstrem (20°C), serta ketergantungan pada patroli malam manual yang rentan human error. Berdasarkan amanat UU No. 30 Tahun 2007 tentang Energi dan partisipasi generasi muda sesuai UU No. 40 Tahun 2009 tentang Kepemudaan, penelitian ini merekomendasikan pelaksanaan preventive maintenance AC bulanan, pemanfaatan sistem digital Upseed dengan linked start-date, konversi lampu ke LED (penghematan 10W ke 5W senilai estimasi proyek Rp100 juta), serta otomatisasi sensor/timer. Strategi terpadu ini terbukti efektif mewujudkan efisiensi biaya dan keberlanjutan operasional perhotelan.

This study formulates an integrated energy management and operational cost-efficiency strategy for a hotel building by integrating quantitative utility audit data, in-depth qualitative interviews with the engineering team at Hotel X Jakarta, a synthesis of ten national journal articles, and the national regulatory framework. Evaluation results at Hotel X indicate total utility costs (PLN electricity and PDAM water) of IDR 41,847,320 for the period of July 1–17, 2026, with a projected monthly cost of IDR 76,251,000 (Room Utility Cost of IDR 174,413/night). Major inefficiencies stem from the use of high-power kitchen exhaust fans (7.5 HP), extreme lobby air conditioning temperature settings (20°C), and a reliance on manual night patrols prone to human error. In accordance with Law No. 30/2007 on Energy and youth participation mandates under Law No. 40/2009 on Youth Affairs, this study recommends implementing monthly preventive maintenance for air conditioning systems, utilizing the "Upseed" digital system with linked start-dates, converting lighting to LED (reducing consumption from 10W to 5W, with an estimated project cost of IDR 100 million), and implementing sensor/timer automation. This integrated strategy proves effective in achieving cost efficiency and operational sustainability in the hotel industry.