THE ROLE OF PROACTIVENESS, INNOVATIVENESS, AND RISK-TAKING IN SHAPING ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS AMONG MSMES IN BATAM CITY

Abstrak

This study examines the effects of proactiveness, innovativeness, and risk-taking on entrepreneurial intention, with motivational factors serving as a mediating variable among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the Food and Beverage sector in Batam City, using a quantitative causal approach. Data were collected from 464 MSME actors using an online questionnaire distributed through purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results indicate that proactiveness, innovativeness, and risk-taking exert a positive and statistically significant influence on both motivational factors and entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, motivational factors are found to significantly mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial characteristics and entrepreneurial intention. The structural model demonstrates strong explanatory power and satisfactory model fit indicators. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening motivational aspects alongside entrepreneurial characteristics to foster sustainable entrepreneurial intention among MSMEs, particularly in highly competitive business environments.