HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK PASIEN OPERASI BEDAH MAYOR DENGAN KEJADIAN SHIVERING PASCA SPINAL ANESTESI DI RSUD dr. R. GOETENG TAROENADIBRATA PURBALINGGA

Abstrak

Latar Belakang: Shivering merupakan komplikasi yang sering terjadi pasca spinal anestesi akibat gangguan termoregulasi selama pembedahan. Kondisi ini dapat meningkatkan konsumsi oksigen, memperberat nyeri, serta menurunkan kenyamanan pasien. Faktor seperti umur, jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), lama operasi, dan saturasi oksigen diduga berhubungan dengan kejadian shivering. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan karakteristik pasien operasi bedah mayor dengan kejadian shivering pasca spinal anestesi di RSUD dr. R Goeteng Taroenadibrata Purbalingga. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain korelasi cross-sectional. Sampel berjumlah 70 responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil: Mayoritas responden berusia dewasa (58,6%), berjenis kelamin perempuan (70%), memiliki IMT kurus (50%), lama operasi kategori sedang (80%), serta saturasi oksigen normal (100%). Sebagian besar responden mengalami shivering derajat 3 (58,6%). Uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa lama operasi berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian shivering (p < 0,001). Jenis kelamin juga berhubungan signifikan (p = 0,027) sedangkan umur, IMT, dan saturasi oksigen tidak berpengaruh signifikan (p > 0,05). Kesimpulan: Lama operasi, dan jenis kelamin berhubungan dengan kejadian shivering pasca spinal anestesi. Pemantauan serta pencegahan perioperatif diperlukan untuk menurunkan risiko shivering dan meningkatkan keselamatan serta kenyamanan pasien.

Background: Shivering is a common complication following spinal anesthesia due to impaired thermoregulation during surgery. This condition may increase oxygen consumption, exacerbate postoperative pain, and reduce patient comfort. Factors such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), duration of surgery, and oxygen saturation are presumed to be associated with the incidence of shivering. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the association between the characteristics of patients undergoing major surgery and the incidence of post-spinal anesthesia shivering at RSUD (Regional General Hospital) Dr. R. Goeteng Taroenadibrata, Purbalingga. Methods: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional correlational design. A total of 70 respondents were selected using accidental sampling. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses, with the chi-square test used to examine the associations between patient characteristics and the incidence of shivering. Results: The majority of respondents were adults (58.6%), female (70.0%), underweight according to body mass index (50.0%), underwent surgery of moderate duration (80.0%), and had normal oxygen saturation (100.0%). Most respondents experienced Grade 3 shivering (58.6%). Chi-square analysis revealed that the duration of surgery was significantly associated with the incidence of post-spinal anesthesia shivering (p < 0.001). Sex was also significantly associated with shivering (p = 0.027), whereas age, body mass index, and oxygen saturation showed no significant associations (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The duration of surgery and sex were significantly associated with the incidence of post-spinal anesthesia shivering. Appropriate perioperative monitoring and preventive measures are recommended to reduce the risk of shivering and improve patient safety and comfort.