HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN PERILAKU PERSONAL HYGIENE SAAT MENSTRUASI PADA REMAJA DI SMP NEGERI 1 SLEMAN

Abstrak

Perilaku personal hygiene saat menstruasi memiliki berbagai indikator, seperti menjaga kebersihan alat kelamin. Bila anak tidak diberi dukungan keluarga seperti dukungan informasi, emosional, penghargaan dan instrumental akan berpengaruh terhadap personal hygiene.  Dukungan keluarga saat menstruasi sangat berpengaruh terhadap kemauan remaja putri dalam mempersiapkan diri menghadapi menarche. Vagina wanita sangan rentan terhadap infeksi bakteri dan jamur yang dapat menimbulkan bau tidak sedap, gatal-gatal, keputihan, infeksi saluran kemih, bahkan penyakit berbahaya lainnya seperti kanker serviks. Survei BKKBN tentang hygiene yang buruk saat menstruasi di Kota Yogyakarta 7%, Bantul 31%, Kulon Progo 27%, Gunung Kidul 34%, dan Sleman 52% (Handayani, 2018). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantatif dengan pendekatan waktu cross-sectional.  Populasi dalam penelitian merupakan remaja putri di SMP Negeri 1 Sleman yang berjumlah 142 siswi. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan teknik non probability sampling dan didapatkan sebanyak 65 responden. Analisa data menggunakan uji statistic Spearman Rank. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kuesioner dukungan keluarga dan kuesioner perilaku personal hygiene. Instrumen tersebut sudah dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas dan didapatkan hasil kuesioner dukungan keluarga dengan nilai alpha Cronbach 0,865 dan kuesioner perilaku personal hygiene dengan nilai alpha Cronbach 0,897, sehingga seluruh item dinyatakan valid dan reliabel. Hasil anailis dari tabulasi silang  menggunakan uji spearman rank dengan nilai signifikasi 0,000 <kurang dari 0,05 sehingga Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, berarti ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan perilaku personal hygiene saat menstruasi pada remaja di SMP Negeri 1 Sleman dengan koefisien korelasi 0,960. Sebagian responden (76,9%) memiliki dukungan keluarga tinggi dan perilaku personal hygiene  yang baik (78,5%). Bagi peneliti selanjutnya dapat melengkapi keterbatasan dalam penelitian ini sehingga mendapatkan hasil yang lebih optimal dan lebih mendukung ke perilaku personal hygiene saat menstruasi pada remaja.

Personal hygiene behaviour during menstruation encompasses various indicators, one of them is maintaining genital cleanliness. In the absence of family support—such as informational, emotional, esteem, and instrumental support—an adolescent's awareness of personal hygiene may be compromised. Family support during menstruation plays a crucial role in shaping adolescent girls' willingness to prepare for menarche. The female vagina is particularly susceptible to bacterial and fungal infections, which can result in unpleasant odours, itching, leucorrhoea, urinary tract infections, and even more serious health conditions, such as cervical cancer. A survey conducted by BKKBN on poor menstrual hygiene revealed the following distribution across several regions: Yogyakarta City 7%, Bantul 31%, Kulon Progo 27%, Gunung Kidul 34%, and Sleman 52% (Handayani, 2018). This study was quantitative descriptive research with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of 142 female students from SMP Negeri (State Junior High School) 1 Sleman. A non-probability sampling technique was employed, yielding 65 respondents. Data analysis was conducted using the Spearman Rank statistical test. The instruments used in this study were a family support questionnaire and a personal hygiene behaviour questionnaire, both of which underwent validity and reliability testing. The results indicated that the family support questionnaire had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.865; the personal hygiene behaviour questionnaire had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.897, with all items deemed valid and reliable. The results of the cross-tabulation analysis using the Spearman Rank test revealed a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05), leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis (H0) and the acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (Ha), concluding that there is a significant relationship between family support and personal hygiene behaviour during menstruation among adolescents at SMP Negeri 1 Sleman, with a correlation coefficient of 0.960. The majority of respondents (76.9%) reported receiving high family support and demonstrating good personal hygiene behaviour (78.5%). Future researchers are encouraged to address the limitations of this study to yield more optimal results and further enhance support for personal hygiene behaviour during menstruation among adolescents.