ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN TINDAKAN DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI DI PUSKESMAS SIMEULUE TIMUR

Abstrak

Hipertensi adalah peningkatan tekanan darah di atas normal yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi serius pada organ vital seperti jantung, otak, ginjal, dan mata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan masyarakat dengan kejadian hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Simeulue Timur. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi analisis kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sehingga di dapatkan sebanyak 75 responden. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur dan dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square dan uji multivariat (regresi logistik biner). Sebanyak 64,0% responden terdiagnosis hipertensi, dengan proporsi pengetahuan kurang baik 57,3%, sikap negatif 64,0%, dan tindakan kurang baik 57,3%. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan Pvalue = 0,008, sikap Pvalue = 0,002, dan tindakan Pvalue = 0,008 berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kejadian hipertensi. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa sikap (Pvalue = 0,002; Exp(B) = 5,430) merupakan variabel yang paling dominan memengaruhi kejadian hipertensi, diikuti oleh tindakan dan pengetahuan. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya peningkatan pengetahuan, pembentukan sikap positif, dan pembiasaan tindakan preventif melalui intervensi edukatif dan promosi kesehatan secara berkelanjutan guna menekan prevalensi hipertensi di masyaraka.

Hypertension is an above-normal increase in blood pressure that can cause serious complications in vital organs such as the heart, brain, kidneys, and eyes. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the level of knowledge, attitudes, and actions of the community and the incidence of hypertension in the working area of the East Simeulue Health Center. The research method used a quantitative analysis study with a cross-sectional design using a purposive sampling technique so that as many as 75 respondents were obtained. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using chi-square tests and multivariate tests (binary logistic regression). A total of 64.0% of respondents were diagnosed with hypertension, with a proportion of poor knowledge of 57.3%, negative attitudes 64.0%, and poor actions of 57.3%. The results of the chi-square test showed that Pvalue knowledge = 0.008, Pvalue attitude = 0.002, and Pvalue action = 0.008 were significantly related to hypertension incidence. Multivariate analysis showed that attitudes (Pvalue = 0.002; Exp(B) = 5.430) was the most dominant variable influencing the incidence of hypertension, followed by actions and knowledge. These findings affirm the importance of increasing knowledge, forming positive attitudes, and habituating preventive measures through educational interventions and sustainable health promotion to reduce the prevalence of hypertension in the community.