IDENTIFIKASI DAN MITIGASI RISIKO GHARAR DALAM TRANSAKSI JUAL BELI ONLINE: TERHADAP PERAN MAHASISWA UNWAHA SEBAGAI KONSUMEN

Abstrak

Perkembangan teknologi digital mendorong maraknya transaksi jual beli online di kalangan mahasiswa, meskipun berpotensi mengandung unsur gharar (ketidakjelasan) yang bertentangan dengan prinsip ekonomi syariah dan merugikan konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi tingkat pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap konsep gharar dalam transaksi daring menurut perspektif ekonomi syariah, serta menganalisis peran mereka dalam mitigasi risiko tersebut sebagai konsumen. Pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif digunakan dengan teknik pengurwmpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipan, dan analisis dokumentasi terhadap mahasiswa Universitas KH. A. Wahb Hasbullah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap gharar masih beragam; sebagian belum menguasai konsep secara teoritis meskipun sering mengalaminya dalam praktik. Risiko gharar utama mencakup ketidakjelasan spesifikasi barang, ketidaksesuaian deskripsi dengan realitas, ketidakpastian pengiriman, serta ketidakjelasan pengambilan barang. Mitigasi dilakukan mahasiswa melalui kehati-hatian memilih penjual, pembacaan deskripsi teliti, pemanfaatan ulasan konsumen, dan fitur perlindungan platform e-commerce. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa peningkatan literasi ekonomi syariah, kesadaran konsumen, dukungan platform, serta regulasi penguat diperlukan untuk meminimalkan gharar, sehingga transaksi online berjalan adil, transparan, dan sesuai syariah

The advancement of digital technology has spurred the proliferation of online buying and selling transactions among university students, despite their potential to contain elements of gharar (uncertainty) that contradict Sharia economic principles and harm consumers. This study aims to identify the level of students' understanding of the concept of gharar in online transactions from a Sharia economic perspective, as well as to analyze their role in mitigating such risks as consumers. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collection techniques including in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis targeting students at Universitas KH. A. Wahb Hasbullah. The research findings indicate that students' understanding of gharar remains varied; some lack theoretical mastery of the concept despite frequently experiencing it in practice. The primary gharar risks include unclear product specifications, discrepancies between descriptions and reality, delivery uncertainties, and ambiguities in product pickup. Students mitigate these risks through cautious seller selection, thorough reading of descriptions, utilization of consumer reviews, and leveraging e-commerce platform protection features.The study concludes that enhancing Sharia economic literacy, consumer awareness, platform support, and strengthening regulations are essential to minimize gharar, thereby ensuring online transactions are fair, transparent, and compliant with Sharia principles